The Historical Link Between the North and South Parts of a Single Empire

The Historical Link Between the North and South Parts of a Single Empire

Our primary focus is on the rocky, mountainous terrain south of the Vindhyas that almost runs east to west anywhere around the Tropic of Cancer and differs in width and elevation. Mostly on the southern side of both the Vindhyas, but even so, it is a dramatic fall again from crest to such Narmada valley along with a hillside wall supported by several forest-clad spurs encompassing the deep, slender through while the river is bordered on the south by the Satpura-Mahadeo-Maikal range.

This same slope is soft only on the northwest edge of the Vindhyas; no designated spurs or From the southern slopes of both the Efficient and Effective, the Tapti travels straight to the Narmada to the western and the Mahanadi to the Bay of Bengal on the east.

Though this double wall basically divides the peninsular South from the plains of North India, it does not greatly hinder communication between the two regions. At least three times before the establishment of British control, the North and the South were both parts of a single empire spanning practically all of India; there has never been a time when the two areas did not interact politically and culturally.

Ocean Between Other Arabian Sea

Seen between the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, the peninsula stretches into the Indian Ocean and terminally rests at Cape Comorin. From Cape Comorin, the Malabar and Coromandel coasts each stretch 1,000 miles; the former runs northwest and the latter northeast. Given towns like Cochin, Goa, and Bombay provide generally safe anchorages for ships, the west coast does somewhat stronger than the Coromandel coast in this sense even if neither coast has many great natural harbours.

Peninsular India’s location halfway along the maritime routes from the Mediterranean and Africa to China helped it to establish and sustain a rather strong marine trade with the nations on either side, so facilitating the colonisation of the eastern parts across the Bay of Bengal. And some of its rulers—the Satavahanas, Pallavas, and Cholas—are known to have paid particular care to maintaining a strong fleet.

Although the Arab cartographers of the Middle Ages mentioned the Malabar coast and the sailors of the Chola nation evolved to be leaders in shipping problems in the Indian Ocean, the region had a terrible reputation for the piratorial activity of its people for numerous centuries. The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea offers a historical account of the ports on the Indian subcontinent together with the background of marine trade.

The core of the Peninsula is a triangle block.

From the Satmala-Ajanta highlands to the Nilgiris, the peninsula’s center is a hexagonal block of quite ancient rocks. This has a typical plateau relief: its surface slowly dips down to a lower boundary in the east, the Eastern Ghats, formed by a tiny strip of rough, damp lowland on its western side and overlooks the west coast. Far bigger, more smooth, and more arid than the western strip, the Carnatic belt of grassland stretches between the Eastern Ghats or the Corinthian coast.

Often rising from the shore and seen from the west, the Western Ghats give the impression of a large sea wall, hence the name “ghats.” Beginning at a touch over than 2,000 inches above sea level in the north but rising to far more than 4,000 feet at roughly the latitudes of Mumbai, the Nilgiris with Dodabetta at such a location of 8,760 feet are a steep and rocky range of hills where the Eastern Ghats meet the Western.

Located southeast of the Nilgiri plateau and spanning around 20th miles from north to south, the Palghat or Coimbatore gap opens lowland lands from the Deccan to the Malabar coast at a height of almost a million feet above sea level.

Deep Valleys Defined by Enchanting Views

The most amazing range in South India is the Anaimalai hills; the larger menu consists of a succession of plateaux rising to peaks above 7,000 feet. River valleys of amazing beauty divide them, and they surround falling down hills and thick evergreen trees.

Usually at a height of 3 to 4,000 feet, the approach for lowering to the west now involves coffee farming on thousands of hectares. Apart from generating much of the timber typical of temperate forest belts at the same elevation, it hosts the teak belt and several important game species, notably the elephants from whence the range gets its name. Among the hill tribes calling it home are the Käan, Muduvan, and Pulaiyan.

The Eastern Ghats reflect little of the grandeur attained by the consistent structure but chaotic outlines of the western ghats. They seem to be geologically far older than the Western Ghats even if they are scattered, fractured, and far lower in elevation. Beginning in Orissa, they remain parallel to the coast then move south as far as latitude 16°N into Andhra state.

First they withdraw from the coast and go north to south till they reach the equator of Madras, therefore establishing the southern boundary of the Deccan plateau in its biggest setting and intersecting the Western Ghats in the Nilgiris.

Major Plateau Rivers

The three main rivers of the plateau are the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri; the Mahanadi could also be included. Signific minor rivers are the Penner, Palar, Pennar, Vaigai, and Tambraparni. At the beginning of their courses, these rivers rush swiftly across deep, rocky gorges that give the impression that they would somewhat discharge the nation than find fresh. But dams have been constructed across all of them, redirecting their rivers for agriculture as they approach the coastal plain, where the ground is more level. The Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri deltas show vast stretches of irrigated farmland.

In terms of their sanctity, beauty of their path, and human utility, only each Ganges and the Indus rank higher than the Godavari in India. Starting in the highlands beyond Trimbak in the Nasik district, just 50 miles from the Arabian Sea, it covers 900 miles until reaching the Bay of Bengal, therefore emptying a 1,12,000 square mile area. The banks further east are shallower and so more earthly while it runs over a limited rocky substrate beyond Nasik.

Linked to its left, the Piranha, which meets Sironcha as shown below, carries the unified Wardha & Wainganga rivers draining the whole Satpura and Nagpur plains. A few meters higher down, the Indravati empties the wild and wooded Eastern Ghats areas of Bastar and its surrounds. The river runs mostly southeast as it empties into the ocean below this juncture.

Historical Natural Frontier of Tungabhadra

Not to mention the Gangas who were essentially under one of those kingdoms or another, the Tungabhadra also served as a historical natural border between the Chalukyas of Bdmi, the Rashtrakutas, and the Chalukyas of Kalyani from their north, and even the Pallavas and Cholas from their south. tried many times to increase their influence across the river, but they only made middling progress.

Rising from that southern bank of the Tungabhadra, the historic cities of Vijayanagar and Kampili emerged. And even the Raichur doab, which runs between the Krishna and the Tungabhadra, may quite easily be considered the Deccan’s cockpit. Renowned for its sanctity, exquisite scenery, and agricultural value, the Kaveri—also known as the southern Ganges—flows 475 kilometers. Tamil literature values many of its forefathers and is rich in feelings of piety and real love for the life-giving properties of its water.

It starts in the Brahmagiri, near Talakaveri in Coorg, and flows mostly in a south-easterly direction across the plateau, creating big falls as it descends the Eastern Ghats, before passing through the Carnatic plain past Trichinopoly and Tanjore and into the Bay, via a number of tributary rivers in the Tanjore district. Following a meandering path throughout Coorg over a rocky bed flanked by high banks covered in rich vegetation, it passes into the state of Mysore and winds into a small ravine with a 60 to 80 foot tumble in the Chunchankatte rapids before broadening.